Vertebrate Zoology

"Reptile" Taxa List and Ohio Species List*

Class Anapsida - Turtles

Order Testudomorpha - Turtles (225 species)
- Sub-Order Pleurodira Side-Necked Turtles (50 species)
  - Family Chelidae (30 species)
  - Family Pelomedusidae (20 species)
- Sub-Order Cryptodira
  - Family Chelonidae - Marine Turtles (6 species)*
  - Family Dermochelyidae - Leatherback Turtle (1 species)
  - Family Dermatemydidae - Central American River Turtle (1 species)
  - Family Chelydridae - Snapping Turtles (2 species; North American)
    - Chelydra serpentina (Linnaeus) - Snapping Turtle*
  - Family Kinosternidae - American Mud and Musk Turtles (20 species)
    - Sternothaerus odoratus (Latreille) - Stinkpot Turtle*
  - Family Emydidae - (85 species; worldwide except Australia, Antarctica)
    - Clemmys guttata (Schneider) - Spotted Turtle
    - Clemmys insculpta (Le Conte) - Wood Turtle *
    - Graptemys geographica (Le Sueur)- Map Turtle*
    - Chrysemys picta marginata Agassiz- Midland Painted Turtle*
    - Terrapene carolina (Linnaeus) - Box Turtle*
    - Pseudemys scripta elegans (Weid) - Red-eared Slider*
    - Emydoidea blandingi (Holbrook) - Blanding's Turtle
  - Family Platysternidae - Big-headed Turtles (6 species; Asia)
  - Family Testudinidae - Tortoises (35 extant species; 8 recently extinct, all continents except Australia and Antarctica)
  - Family Carrettochelyidae - Fly River Turtle (1 species; New Guinea)
  - Family Trionychidae - Soft-shelled Turtles (22 species; N. America, Africa, Asia)
    - Trionyx spinifer (Le Sueur) - Spiny Softshell Turtle*
    - Trionyx muticus (Le Sueur) - Smooth Softshell Turtle

Class Diapsida

Subclass Lepidosauromorpha - Lizards, Snakes (5,700 species)
- Order Sphenodontia (1 species)
  - Family Sphenodontidae - Tuatara (1 species; New Zealand)
- Order Squamata (5,699 species)
  - Suborder Lacertilia - Lizards (3,300 species)
    - Superfamily Igaunia
      - Family Iguanidae - Iguanas (608 species; mostly New World)
        
        Sceloporus undulatus hyacinthinus Green - Northern Fence Lizard*
        Anolis carolinensis Voight - Carolina (Green) anole (not in Ohio)*
      - Family Agamidae (320 species; mostly Old World, Australia)
      - Family Chamaeleonidae - Chameleons (88 species; Africa, Asia)*
    - Superfamily Gekkota
      - Family Gekkonidae - Geckos (733 species; worldwide except Antarctica)*
      - Family Pygopodidae (29 species; Australia, New Guinea)
      - Family Xantusiidae (14 species; North, Central America and Cuba)
    - Superfamily Scincomorpha
      - Family Scincidae - Skinks (1029 species; worldwide except Antarctica)
        
        Eumeces laticeps (Schneider) - Broad-headed Skink*
        Eumeces fasciatus (Linnaeus) - Common Five-lined Skink*
        Lygosoma laterale (Say) - Ground Skink
      - Family Cordylidae (54 species; Africa)
      - Family Teiidae (198 species; mostly South America, Some Central, North)*
      - Family Lacertidae (210 species; Africa, Europe, Asia)
      - Family Dibamidae (4 species; Caribbean, Central America - all legless)
    - Superfamily Anguinomorpha
      - Family Anguidae (74 species; Americas, Eurasia, Africa, often legless)*
      - Family Anniellidae (2 species; western North America)
      - Family Xenosauridae (3 species; Mexico, China)
      - Family Helodermatidae (2 species; southwest U.S., Mexico - venomous)*
      - Family Lanthanotidae (1 species; Borneo [Asia])
      - Family Varanidae (30 species; Asia, Africa, Australia - Komodo Dragon)
  - Suborder Amphisbaeniana (135 species)
    - Family Trogonophidae (6 species; Africa, Asia)
    - Family Amphisbaenidae (129 species; Europe, Asia, Africa, America)
  - Suborder Serpentes - Snakes (2,300 species)
    - Superfamily Scolecophidia
      - Family Typhlopidae (147 species; worldwide exc. Antarctica, N. America)
      - Family Leptotyphlopidae (64 species; Africa, Asia, southwestern U.S., Central and South America)
      - Family Anomolepidae (20 species; Central and South America)
    - Superfamily Henophidia
      - Family Acrochordidae (3 species; aquatic, Australia, Asia)
      - Family Aniliidae (10 species; Central and South America, Asia)
      - Family Uropeltidae (52 species; India)
      - Family Xenopeltidae (1 species; East Indies)
      - Family Boidae - Boas (58 species; worldwide except Antarctica)
      - Family Boyleridae (2 species; from island in Indian Ocean)
      - Family Tropidophiidae (20 species; Central and South America)
    - Superfamily Caenophidia
      - Family Colubridae (1550 species; worldwide except Antarctica)
        
        Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta (Conant) - Northern Copperbelly
        Nerodia septemvittata (Say) - Queen Snake*
        Nerodia kirtlandi (Kennicott) - Kirtland's Water Snake*
        Nerodia sipedon sipedon (Linnaeus) - Northern Water Snake*
        Nerodia sipedon insularum (Conant and Clay) - Lake Erie Water Snake*
        Storeria dekayi dekayi (Holbrook) - DeKay's Snake*
        Storeria dekayi wrightorum Trapido - Midland Brown Snake
        Storeria occipitomaculata occipitomaculata (Storer) - Northern Red-Bellied Snake
        Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis (Linnaeus) - Eastern Garter Snake*
        Thamnophis radix radix (Baird and Girard) - Eastern Plains Garter Snake*
        Thamnophis butleri (Cope) - Butler's Garter Snake
        Thamnophis sauritus sauritus (Linnaeus) - Eastern Ribbon Snake
        Heterodon platyrhinos (Latreille) - Eastern Hognose Snake*
        Haldea valeriae valeriae (Baird and Girard) - Eastern Smooth Earth Snake
        Diadophis punctatus edwardsi (Merrem) - Eastern Ring-necked Snake*
        Carphohis amoenus helenae (Kennicott) - Midwest Worm Snake*
        Coluber constrictor constrictor Linnaeus - Black Racer*
        Coluber constrictor flaviaventris (Say) - Blue Racer*
        Opheodrys aestivus aestivus Linnaeus - Rough Green Snake*
        Opheodrys vernalis vernalis (Harlan) - E. Smooth Green Snake*
        Opheodrys vernalis blanchardi Grobman - W. Smooth Green Snake
        Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta (Say) - Black Rat Snake*
        Elaphe vulpina gloydi Conant - Eastern Fox Snake*
        Lampropeltis getulus niger (Yarrow) - Black Kingsnake*
        Lampropeltis doliata triangulum (Lacep'ede) - Eastern Milk Snake*
      - Family Elapidae (180 species; worldwide except Antarctica)
      - Family Hydrophiidae - Sea Snakes (49 species; marine, all oceans except Atlantic)
      - Family Laticaudidae (4 species; marine)
      - Family Viperidae - vipers (200 species)
        
        Subfamily Viperinae - True Vipers (60 species; Eurasia, Africa)
        Subfamily Crotalinae - Pit Vipers (140 species; New World, Asia)
        
        Agkistrodon contortrix mokeson (Daudin) - Copperhead*
        Sistrurus catenatus catenatus (Rafinesque) Eastern Massusauga*
        Crotalus horridus horridus Linnaeus - Timber Rattlesnake*
Subclass Archosauromorpha - Crocodiles and Birds
- Order Crocodilia
  - Family Alligatoridae - Alligators and Caimans
    - Alligator mississippiensis - American Alligator
  - Family Crocodylidae
    - Crocodylus acutus - American Crocodile
  - Family Gavialidae - gharial (1 species)

* Species (not necessarily subspecies) represented in Marietta College Collections.

References (Reptiles and Amphibians):

Alderton, D. 1988. Turtles and tortoises of the world. Facts on File Publications, New York. 191 pp.
Bishop, S.C. 1947. Handbook of salamanders. Cornell University Press, Ithaca. 555 pp.
Carr, A. 1952. Handbook of turtles Cornell University Press, Ithaca. 542 pp.
Conant, R. 1951 The reptiles of Ohio. The American Midland Naturalist.
Conant, R. 1975. A field guide to the reptiles and amphibians of Eastern and Central North America. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. 429pp.
Ernst, C.H. and R.W. Barbour. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington D.C. 313 pp.
Ernst, C.H., J.E. Lovich, and R.W. Barbour. 1994. Turtles of the United States and Canada. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington D.C. 578 pp.
Pfingsten, R.A. and F.L. Downs, Eds. 1989. Salamanders of Ohio. Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey Vol. 7, No. 2. 315 pp. + 29 plates.
Pritchard, P.C.H. 1979. Encyclopedia of Turtles. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune, N.J. 895 pp.
Smith, H.M. 1946. Handbook of lizards. Cornell University Press, Ithaca. 557 pp.
Tyning, Thomas F. 1990. A Guide to Amphibians and Reptiles. Stokes Nature Guide Series. Little, Brown & Co., Boston. 400 pp.
Wright, A.H., and A.A. Wright. 1949. Handbook of frogs and toads. Cornell University Press, Ithaca. 640 pp.
Wright, A.H., and A.A. Wright. 1957. Handbook of snakes. Cornell University Press, Ithaca. 1105 pp. (2 Volumes)